Determinants of Dividend Payout Policies of Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange-listed Manufacturing Companies in Tanzania Dividend payout policy, Earnings per share, and Listing Age

Main Article Content

Gregory D. Lyimo

Abstract

This study examined the determinants of dividend payout policies of manufacturing companies listed in Tanzania. The study used a quantitative research approach, specifically the generalised method of moments estimator to estimate the determinants of dividend payout policies of manufacturing companies listed on the Tanzania bourse using data extracted from the annual reports of five manufacturing companies listed from 2007 to 2021. The dividend policy is proxied by dividends per share. The results reveal that listing age and earnings per share (EPS) have a significant positive relationship with dividend payout policies of manufacturing companies listed on the Dar es Salaam stock exchange in Tanzania. On the other hand, the study found that the operating cash flow, size of firm, liquidity, leverage profitability and share price did not affect dividend policy of listed manufacturing companies.  As such, corporate managers of manufacturing listed companies can use listing age and EPS to determine the dividend pay-out policy. 

Issue Section: Business Education

Article Details

References

Ahmed, H., & Javid, A. (2009). Dynamics and determinants of dividend policy in Pakistan(Evidence from

Karachi stock exchange non-financial listed firms). International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 1(25), 148–171

Al- Hasan, A. (2013). The Effect of Dividend Policy on Share Price: An Evaluative Study. IOSR Journal of

Economics and Finance, 1(4), 06–11.

Al-Najjar, B., & Kilincarslan, E. (2019). What do we know about the dividend puzzle? – A literature survey.

International Journal of Managerial Finance, 15(2), 205–235.

Al-Sabah, T. (2015). The effect of the firm’s age and financial leverage on its dividend policy – Evidence from

kuwait stock exchange market (KSE). Corporate Ownership and Control, 13(1), 24–31.

Al Salamat, W., Momani, M. Q. M., & Batayneh, K. (2021). Firm-specific, macroeconomic factors and stock

price risk for Jordanian banks. Banks and Bank Systems, 16(3), 166–172.

Arellano, M., & Bover, O. (1995). Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components

models. Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), 29–51.

Augusto, C., & Forti, B. (2015). Determinant Factors of Dividend Payments in Brazil *. Rev. contab. finanç. 26,

–180.

Baker, H. K., Dewasiri, N. J., Yatiwelle Koralalage, W. B., & Azeez, A. A. (2019). Dividend policy

determinants of Sri Lankan firms: a triangulation approach. Managerial Finance, 45(1), 2–20.

Bar-Yosef, S., & Venezia, I. (1991). Earnings information and the determination of dividend policy. Journal of

Economics and Business, 43(3), 197–214.

Bossman, A., Agyei, S. K., Asiamah, O., Agyei, E. A., Arhin, E. Y., & Marfo-Yiadom, E. (2022). Dividend

policy and performance of listed firms on Ghana stock exchange. Cogent Economics and Finance, 10(1),

–28

Bustani, B., Kurniaty, K., & Widyanti, R. (2021). The Effect of Earning Per Share, Price to Book Value,

Dividend Payout Ratio, and Net Profit Margin on the Stock Price in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Jurnal

Maksipreneur: Manajemen, Koperasi, Dan Entrepreneurship, 11(1), 51–68.

C. Arko, A., Abor, J., K.D. Adjasi, C., & Amidu, M. (2014). What influence dividend decisions of firms in SubSaharan African? Journal of Accounting in Emerging Economies, 4(1), 57–78.

Castañeda Rodríguez, V. M. (2018). Tax determinants revisited. An unbalanced data panel analysis. Journal of

Applied Economics, 21(1), 1–24.

Chay, J. B., Kim, H., & Suh, J. (2015). Firm Age and Valuation: Evidence from Korea. Asia-Pacific Journal of

Financial Studies, 44(5), 721–761.

Claudia, C., Putri, P., Shinta, G., & Ugut, S. (2021). Factors Affecting Dividend Payout Ratio in LQ-45 (NonBanking) Companies Listed. Enrichment: Journal of Management, 11(2), 2011–2019.

Deangelo, H., & Deangelo, L. (2006). Dividend policy and the earned / contributed capital mix : a test of the

life-cycle theory. Journal of Financial economics. 81, 227–254.

DeAngelo, H., & DeAngelo, L. (1990). Dividend Policy and Financial Distress : An Empirical Investigation of

Troubled NYSE Firms.The Journal of Finance, 45(5), 1415–1431.

DeAngelo, H., & DeAngelo, L. (2006). The irrelevance of the MM dividend irrelevance theorem. Journal of

Financial Economics, 79(2), 293–315.

Dewasiri, N. J., & Azeez, A. A. (2019). Determinants of dividend policy : evidence from an emerging and

developing market. 45(3), 413–429.

Dewasiri, N. J., Yatiwelle Koralalage, W. B., Abdul Azeez, A., Jayarathne, P. G. S. A., Kuruppuarachchi, D., &

Weerasinghe, V. A. (2019). Determinants of dividend policy: evidence from an emerging and developing

market. Managerial Finance, 45(3), 413–429.

El-Ansary, O., & Gomaa, T. (2012). The Life Cycle Theory of Dividends: Evidence from Egypt. International

Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 97, 72–80.

El-halaby, S. (2018). The Determinants of Capital Structure and Dividend Policy : Empirical Evidence from the

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Market. 1958.

Epaphra, M., & Nyantori, S. N. (2018). Analysis of the determinants of dividend policy: evidence from

manufacturing companies in Tanzania. Corporate Governance and Organizational Behavior Review, 2(1),

–30.

Evelyne F., M. (2016). Determinants of Dividend Policy for Companies Listed at Dar Es Salaam Security Exchange (DSE), a Case of Selected Listed Companies. Journal of Finance and Accounting, 4(4), 190-202.

Farsio, F., Geary, A., & Moser, J. (2004). the Relationship Between Dividends and Earnings. Journal for

Economic Educators , 4(4), 1–5.

Field, A. (2005). Second Edition of the Discovering Statistics Using SPSS 5th Edition.London SAGE.

Gow, I. D., Ormazabal, G., & Taylor, D. J. (2010). Correcting for cross-sectional and time-series dependence in

accounting research. Accounting Review, 85(2), 483–512.

Hasan, M., Ahmad, M. I., Rafiq, M. Y., & Rehman, R. U. (2015). Dividend Payout Ratio and Firm’s

Profitability. Evidence from Pakistan. Theoretical Economics Letters, 05(03), 441–445.

Hauser, R., & Thornton, J. H. (2017). Dividend policy and corporate valuation. Managerial Finance, 43(6), 663–

Into, T. C., Solutions, S., & Report, F. (2024). INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT REPORT 2024 The New Era Of

Industrial Policy.

Issa, A. I. F. (2015). The Determinants of Dividend Policy: Evidence from Malaysian Firms. Research Journal

of Finance and Accounting Www.Iiste.Org ISSN, 6(18), 69–87.

Jaara, B., Alashhab, H., & Jaara, O. O. (2018). The Determina n ts of Dividend Policy for Non-financial

Companies in Jordan. 8(2), 198–209.

Johansson, J., & Hallberg, M. (2021). Does Corporate Liquidity Affect Dividend Policy? A quantitative study on

public European firms.Economics and Statistics 12, 41–60

Kassie, W. D. (2021). The Determinants of Dividend Payout: Evidence from Private Banks in Ethiopia.

Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 12(3), 23–35.

Kaźmierska-Jóźwiak, B. (2015). Determinants of Dividend Policy: Evidence from Polish Listed Companies.

Procedia Economics and Finance, 23(October 2014), 473–477.

Kilincarslan, E., & Demiralay, S. (2020). Dividend policies of travel and leisure firms in the UK. International

Journal of Accounting and Information Management, 29(2), 324–344.

Kumar, B. R., & Waheed, K. A. (2014). Determinants of Dividend Policy: Evidence from GCC Market.

Accounting and Finance Research, 4(1), 17–29.

Kuzucu, N. (2015). Determinants of Dividend Policy: A Panel Data Analysis for Turkish Listed Firms.

International Journal of Business and Management, 10(11), 149–167.

Labhane, N. B., & Mahakud, J. (2016). Determinants of Dividend Policy of Indian Companies. Paradigm,

(1), 36–55.

Li, P. (2023). Annual Report 2022. AIMS Energy, 11(1), 135–139.

Lintner J. (1956). Distribution of Incomes of Corporations Among Dividends, Retained Earnings, and Taxes.

The American Economic Review, 46(2), 97–113.

Louziri, R. (2022). Determinants of Dividend Policy : The Case of the Casablanca Stock Exchange.

Lyimo, B. J., Mtawa, M. A., & Academy, O. (2021). Factors Influencing Dividend Payout Policy : A Case of

Commercial. 3(1), 1–5.

Moscone, F., & Tosetti, E. (2011). GMM estimation of spatial panels with fixed effects and unknown

heteroskedasticity. Regional Science and Urban Economics, 41(5), 487–497.

Munawar, A. (2020). Determinants of Corporates Leverage in Indonesia. 143(Isbest 2019), 302–306.

Narindro, L., & Basri, H. (2019). Assessing determinants of dividend policy of the government-owned

companies in Indonesia. International Journal of Law and Management, 61(5–6), 530–541.

NBS. (2023). Highlights on the Second Quarter ( April - June ). October.

Olarewaju, O. M. (2018). Dividend policy, agency cost, and bank performance in selected Sub-Saharan African

countries: the role of market risk. The Business & Management Review, 9(4), 2018.

Pathak, R., & Gupta, R. Das. (2022). The stability of dividends and its predictability: a cross-country analysis.

International Journal of Managerial Finance, 18(2), 261–285.

Rajput, M., & Jhunjhunwala, S. (2019). Corporate governance and payout policy: evidence from India.

Corporate Governance (Bingley), 19(5), 1117–1132.

Ranajee, R., Pathak, R., & Saxena, A. (2018). To pay or not to pay: what matters the most for dividend payments? International Journal of Managerial Finance, 14(2), 230–244.

Razak, A., Pontianak, P. N., Fathihani, F., Nusantara, U. D., Suparmun, H., & Trisakti, S. (2022). Determinants

Of Dividend Policy Of Manufacturing Companies In Indonesia. Academy of Accounting and Financial

Studies Journal, 26(1), 1–11.

Renneboog, L., & Trojanowski, G. (2007). Control structures and payout policy. Managerial Finance, 33(1),

–64.

Rój, J. (2019). The Determinants of Corporate Dividend Policy in Poland. Ekonomika , 98(1), 96–110.

Setiawan, C., & Vivien, V. (2021). Determinants of Dividend Policy : An Empirical Study of Consumer Goods

Firms in Indonesia. 8(6), 71–77.

Sharma, R. K., & Bakshi, A. (2019). An evident prescience of determinants of dividend policy of Indian real

estate companies: An empirical analysis using co-integration regression and generalised method of

moments. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 24(3), 358–384.

Singla, H. K., & Samanta, P. K. (2019). Determinants of dividend payout of construction companies: a panel

data analysis. Journal of Financial Management of Property and Construction, 24(1), 19–38.

TBL. (2022). Tanzania Breweries Public Limited Company. September, 2022.

TCC. (2022). Tanzania Cigarette Public Limited Company. December, 2023.

Wooldridge, J. M. (2015). Introductory Econometrics 6th Edition. London SAGE.

Yasar, B., Martin, T., & Kiessling, T. (2020). An empirical test of signalling theory. Management Research

Review, 43(11), 1309–1335.

Yousef, I., Tanna, S., & Patra, S. (2021). Testing dividend life-cycle theory in the Islamic and conventional

banking sectors of GCC countries. Journal of Islamic Accounting and Business Research, 12(2), 276–300.

Yusof, Y., & Ismail, S. (2016). Determinants of dividend policy of public listed companies in Malaysia. Review

of International Business and Strategy, 26(1), 88–99.